Benchmark Almanac

Internal Research Debugging Evaluation

GPT-6 Astra 78% leads since Sep 2026 Only in system cards

Agents debug difficult problems from OpenAI research work that take researchers hours or days. Scored as mean rubric score.

In-house OpenAI AI self-improvement evaluation. The tasks are not public.

Made by OpenAI Released Apr 2026 Labs' internal R&D tests Tasks kept private Last in a system card Oct 2026 Last model added Oct 2026
Level
Research frontier Researchers, on open problems or tasks that take days
Scored
Graded by a model A language model scores each response, usually against a rubric.
Answers
Agent task Many steps in a terminal, browser, desktop, app, game or robot.
6
Models scored in lab cards
12
System cards report it, from 1 lab

GPT-6 Astra leads with 78%

Best score per model as labs report them in their own cards. Labs pick their own settings, so these compare less cleanly than independent runs.

  1. 78.0 GPT-6 Astra
  2. 76.4 GPT-6.1 Terra
  3. 75.5 GPT-6.1 Sol
  4. 64.2 GPT-6 Sol
  5. 50.5 GPT-5.5
  6. 46.6 GPT-6 Luna
  1. 1 GPT-6 Astra 78%
  2. 2 GPT-6.1 Terra 76.4%
  3. 3 GPT-6.1 Sol 75.5%
  4. 4 GPT-6 Sol 64.2%
  5. 5 GPT-5.5 50.5%
  6. 6 GPT-6 Luna 46.6%
#ModelScoreSettingDateSource
1 GPT-6 Astra 78% Sep 2026 Model card
2 GPT-6.1 Terra 76.4% Oct 2026 Model card
3 GPT-6.1 Sol 75.5% Sep 2026 Model card
4 GPT-6 Sol 64.2% Sep 2026 Model card
5 GPT-5.5 50.5% Apr 2026 Model card
6 GPT-6 Luna 46.6% Sep 2026 Model card

2 models have held number one since its release in Apr 2026

Lab claims count from the day the card came out, independent runs from the model’s release.

OpenAI
Lab claims 2 leaders
GPT-6 Astra 78%

Scores over time

All the scores we have, one dot each, so a model tested at several settings appears more than once.

Reported by the lab in its model card Best so far
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 2026 2027 Near the ceiling (85%) GPT-6 Astra GPT-5.5 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 2026 2027 Near the ceiling (85%) GPT-6 Astra GPT-5.5

Labs report it only in system cards

We read the headline results of 479 launch posts from 51 labs, and none of them list this benchmark. Some system cards do, below.

12 system cards report it, from 1 lab

Besides launch posts, we read the system cards, model cards and technical reports labs publish with a release. They report far more, including safety and frontier-risk tests.

DateDocumentScoreAs the document writes itSection
26 Oct 2026 GPT-6.1 Terra system card addendum 76.4 Internal Research Debugging Evaluation, mean rubric score (Figure 29, 9.0.3.1) AI R&D risk
29 Sep 2026 GPT-6.1 Sol system card addendum 75.5 Internal Research Debugging Evaluation, mean rubric score (9.1.3.1, Figure 37) AI R&D risk
22 Sep 2026 GPT-6 Sol system card 64.2 Internal Research Debugging, mean rubric reward, printed chart label (Figure 84, A.8.1.3.1) AI R&D risk
22 Sep 2026 GPT-6 Luna system card 46.6 Internal Research Debugging, mean rubric reward, printed chart label (Figure 84, A.8.1.3.1) AI R&D risk
3 Sep 2026 GPT-6 Astra system card 78 Internal Research Debugging Evaluation, score (10.1.3.1) AI R&D risk
9 Jul 2026 GPT-5.6 Terra system card Internal Research Debugging Evaluation, rubric score by cost and latency, chart without printed numbers (Figures 37, 38, 9.1.3.1) AI R&D risk
9 Jul 2026 GPT-5.6 Sol system card Internal Research Debugging Evaluation, rubric score by cost and latency, chart without printed numbers (Figures 37, 38, 9.1.3.1) AI R&D risk
9 Jul 2026 GPT-5.6 Luna system card Internal Research Debugging Evaluation, rubric score by cost and latency, chart without printed numbers (Figures 37, 38, 9.1.3.1) AI R&D risk
25 Jun 2026 GPT-5.6 Terra system card Internal Research Debugging Evaluation, rubric score by cost and latency, chart without printed numbers (Figures 37, 38, 9.1.3.1) AI R&D risk
25 Jun 2026 GPT-5.6 Sol system card Internal Research Debugging Evaluation, rubric score by cost and latency, chart without printed numbers (Figures 37, 38, 9.1.3.1) AI R&D risk
25 Jun 2026 GPT-5.6 Luna system card Internal Research Debugging Evaluation, rubric score by cost and latency, chart without printed numbers (Figures 37, 38, 9.1.3.1) AI R&D risk
23 Apr 2026 GPT-5.5 system card 50.5 Internal Research Debugging Eval, mean rubric score, printed chart label (Figure 20, 9.1.3.3) AI R&D risk

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