Voice persuasion study on party preferences
Participants hear model-voiced audio clips or talk with a voiced model. Scored on shifts in hypothetical party preference against human baselines.
Human participant study with over 3,800 respondents and a one-week follow-up.
- Level
- Everyday Most adults, without training
- Scored
- Settled by events Predictions are scored against what later happens.
- Answers
- Open-ended Free-form text, documents, designs or media judged as a whole.
GPT-4o leads with 5.74%
Best score per model as labs report them in their own cards. Labs pick their own settings, so these compare less cleanly than independent runs.
- 1 GPT-4o May 2024 5.74%
| # | Model | Score | Setting | Date | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | GPT-4o May 2024 | 5.74% | Aug 2024 | Model card |
Scores over time
All the scores we have, one dot each, so a model tested at several settings appears more than once.
Labs report it only in system cards
We read the headline results of 479 launch posts from 51 labs, and none of them list this benchmark. Some system cards do, below.
One system card reports it
Besides launch posts, we read the system cards, model cards and technical reports labs publish with a release. They report far more, including safety and frontier-risk tests.
| Date | Document | Score | As the document writes it | Section |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8 Aug 2024 | GPT-4o system card | 5.74 | Effect sizes of voice interventions on hypothetical party preferences, AI interactive conversations, immediate effect size (printed chart label, 3.7); AI static audio 6.08%, 65% and 78% of human effect sizes | Persuasion |
More in Safety and alignment
- FORTRESS In use Paired adversarial and benign national-security misuse prompts. Rubric-graded risk score on adversarial and over-refusal score on benign prompts. Claude Opus 5.5 5.78%
- StrongREJECT In use Forbidden-prompt jailbreak benchmark with a rubric grader that scores how useful a non-refusal actually is.
Inkling 98.6% - AgentDojo In use Agents do tool-use tasks while tools and data carry prompt injections. Attack success rate counts hijacked runs. Grok 4 Fast 0%
- MASK In use Measures whether a model contradicts its own elicited beliefs under pressure to lie. Honesty separated from accuracy.
Muse Spark Open 98.1% - Gray Swan IPI Arena benchmark In use Indirect prompt-injection attacks from public red-teaming competitions replayed on tool, coding and browser agents. Attack success rate at k attempts. GPT-6 Astra 8.50%
- Agentic misalignment suite (Anthropic) In use Agents in simulated company settings face threats or goal conflicts that invite blackmail, leaking or sabotage. Score is the misaligned action rate. Claude Sonnet 4.5 0%